Hanta virus infection are rodent born viral infection prevalent in several regions of the world, high leverl of clinical suspicion helps in diagnosis and effective clinical management. Hantavirus is named for the prototype virus, hantaan. Early signs of hantavirus, treatment, prevention, test. Each hantavirus serotype has a specific rodent host species and is spread to people via aerosolized virus that is shed in urine, feces, and saliva, and less frequently by a bite from an infected host. Ecology of hantavirus in a changing world university of utah. Aerosolization occurs when dried materials contaminated by. Clinical presentation varies from subclinical to fatal depending on the virus. Other rodents, such as house mice, roof rats, and norway rats, have never been known to give people hps.
Several types of hantaviruses can cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. The illness begins 1 to 6 weeks after exposure with fever, headache and muscle ache, especially in the hips, back and shoulders. Hantavirus is spread when viruscontaining particles from rodent urine, droppings, or saliva are stirred into the air. Hantaviruses are a family of viruses spread mainly by rodents. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps is a severe, sometimes fatal, respiratory disease in humans caused by infection with hantaviruses. Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps is an often fatal disease caused by hantavirus infection. Each hantavirus has its own specific host species vapalahti et al. Review of hantavirus infection in hong kong centre for health. The disease is caused by a virus called sin nombre that is carried by wild mice and shed in their feces. Rodents harbor the virus, which is shed in their urine, droppings, or saliva. In 1993, a previously unknown disease, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Orthohantavirus is a genus of singlestranded, enveloped, negativesense rna viruses in the. Early symptoms of hantavirus infections fatigue, fever, muscle aches are not caused by anything specific. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs is associated primarily with hantaviruses found in europe and asia, and is characterized by fever, thrombocytopenia, renal failure and, in severe cases, hemorrhage due.
People can get the disease if they breathe infected air or come into contact with rodents or their urine or droppings. Infection with any hantavirus can produce hantavirus disease in people. Transmission is mainly thought to occur during the prodromal stage of the illness or shortly afterward, and it primarily affects family members or others in close contact. In general, hantaviruses are commonly referred to as old world and new world hantaviruses due to the geographic distribution of their rodent reservoirs and the type of illness hfrs or. Hanta virus free download as powerpoint presentation.
Identification and care of patients with hantavirus disease clinician outreach and communication activity coca call june 30, 2016 office of public health preparedness and response. Areas around the home or work where rodents may live for example, houses, barns, outbuildings, and sheds are potential sites where people may be exposed to the virus. Hps is transmitted through a process called aerosolization. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps is a severe, sometimes fatal, respiratory disease in humans caused by infection with a hantavirus.
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome symptoms and causes mayo clinic. Identification and care of patients with hantavirus disease. Old world hantaviruses can cause hfrs, and the new. We report here a case of hantavirus infection in a 46 year old quarry worker presenting with fever, abdominal pain, jaundice. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps and the workplace april, 2010 transmission infected rodents shed the virus through urine, droppings, and saliva. Incubation period, clinical presentation and course. The genus orthohantavirus hantavirus is comprised of a group of more than 30 distinct species of rodent and insectivoreborne viruses of the family hantaviridae. Nosocomial transmission of andes virus has been reported but seems to be uncommon. Signs and symptoms of hps as it spreads thoroughout the body include. Ppt prevention of hantavirus powerpoint presentation free. Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, or hcps, is a rare but often fatal disease of the lungs.
The clinical presentation of hps disease and the case fatality rate have been. Mop floors or spray dirt floors with a disinfectant or mixture of bleach and water. Identification and care of patients with hantavirus disease clinician outreach and communication activity coca call june 30. Typical findings on initial presentation include fever, tachypnea and. Numerous pathogenic hantavirus species across north and south america image credit.
The divergence of hantavirus surface glycoproteins and common beta 3integrin usage provides further insight into the interaction of hantaviruses with cells. The role of vitronectin, pai1, upar, and complement cascades in hantavirus pathogenesis are unstudied but may contribute to specific disease syndromes effected by hantaviruses. Pdf in the spring of 1993, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps emerged. Hantaviruses in the americas are known as new world hantaviruses and may cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps is a severe, often fatal respiratory disease caused by hantaviruses. Cdcs hantavirus fact sheet pdf cdcs hantavirus technical information index page. They shed the virus in their urine, droppings, and saliva. The clinical presentation of hantavirus infections in india is unclear. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome page 1 of 2 july 2011 kathy harben thank you, dr. Rodent infestation in and around the home remains the primary risk for hantavirus exposure. A global perspective on hantavirus ecology, epidemiology, and. Since it is hard to tell if a mouse or a rat carries a hantavirus, it is best to avoid all wild mice and rats and to safely clean up any rodent urine, droppings, or nests in your home.
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps and the workplace. Hantaviruses are a family of viruses spread mainly by rodents and can cause varied disease syndromes in people worldwide. Hantavirus genus hantavirus, family bunyaviridae infection in humans is associated with two severe and potentially fatal diseases. In general, hantaviruses are commonly referred to as old world and new world hantaviruses due to the geographic distribution of their rodent reservoirs and the type of illness hfrs or hps that manifests upon.
Sin nombre virus is the predominant hantavirus in north. Breathing in tiny airborne particles that come from rodent urine. Rattus norvegicus is the natural host for the seoul hantavirus, causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs in humans. Jun 12, 2019 hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is an infectious disease characterized by flulike symptoms that can progress rapidly to potentially lifethreatening breathing problems. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps is a potentially severe disease of the lungs which was first recognized in 1993 in the four corners area where utah, colorado, arizona, and new mexico meet of the southwestern united states u. Although serologically confirmed as hps, sequence data are not available for all cases. Manual of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary. Aerosolization occurs when dried materials contaminated by rodent excreta or saliva are disturbed.
The genus hantavirus resides in the family bunyaviridae, a large family of over 300 viruses that infect animals, plants, humans, and arthropods 36, 100, 388. In utah, data since 1987 indicates a case fatality rate of. Cases of human hantavirus infection occur sporadically, usually in rural areas where forests, fields, and farms offer suitable habitat for the virus s rodent hosts. Hantavirus disease is a rare, but often fatal disease of the lungs.
Hantavirus sph, nefrosonefritis hemorragica, fiebre hemorragica epidemica, fiebre hemorragica coreana, nefropatia epidemica ne ultima actualizacion. Nascent virions are then transported in secretory vesicles. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, united states, 19932009 pdf icon pdf 273 emerg infect dis. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps, commonly referred to as hantavirus disease, is a febrile illness characterized by bilateral interstitial pulmonary infiltrates and respiratory compromise usually requiring supplemental oxygen and clinically resembling acute respiratory disease syndrome ards. Anyone who comes into contact with rodents that carry hantaviruses is at risk of hps. The most important hantavirus in the united states that can cause hps is the sin nombre virus, spread by the deer mouse. For nonsequenced cases, the specific infecting hantavirus is assumed to be that corresponding with the known rodent reservoir in the area of probable exposure. Hantavirus virions are believed to assemble by association of nucleocapsids with glycoproteins embedded in the membranes of the golgi, followed by budding into the golgi cisternae.
Pdf rodentborne hantaviruses family bunyaviridae, genus hantavirus cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the americas and hemorrhagic fever with. The incubation period of hantavirus infection is around two to three weeks. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome cases 196 93098 flulike fever fatigue muscle aches ppt presentation summary. Source of hantavirus the hantavirus transmission to people risk who can get hantavirus exposure precautions activities associated with cases of hantavirus infection occupational risk dosh policies on hantavirus prevention rodent control powerpoint presentation disease prevention cleaning cleaning continued powerpoint presentation for more information about hantavirus or rodent control, call your state or local health department. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome reporting and investigation. The symptoms are very similar to those of hfrs and include tachycardia and tachypnea. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome 2010 case definition. Currently, there are no readily available tests to diagnose hps or even hantavirus infection in the early stage of the infection or disease.
Pdf diagnosis of hantavirus infection in humans researchgate. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps is an acute febrile illness i. Hantavirus is a genus of virus represented by 45 different species and is hosted by small mammals. Hantavirus, crimeancongo hemorrhagic fever virus is a nairovirus, rift valley fever virus is a phlebovirus, and california encephalitis virus is an orthobunyavirus. We report here a case of hantavirus infection in a 46 year old quarry worker presenting with fever, abdominal pain, jaundice, thrombocytopenia and renal dysfunction. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, also referred to as hps, is a disease in which, in the late stage of infection with a hantavirus subtype. Hantavirus infections in rodents are characterized by being chronic and subclinical, with virus being shed persistently in the feces and urine. Infections by hantavirus bunyaviridae can cause severe human diseases, such as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in eurasia and cardiopulmonary syndrome in the americas. Download as ppt, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. They are carried by several types of rodents, particularly the deer mouse. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps what is hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome red book 2015 red book. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome california department of. Clean countertops, cabinets, and drawers with a disinfectant or a mixture of bleach and water.
Adam macneil about the article, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, united states, 19932009, which appears in the july 2011 issue of cdcs journal, emerging infectious diseases. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Utah public health disease investigation plan page 4 of 14 852015 blood pressure monitoring case fatality case fatality can be as high as 3550%. Case definitions hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps 2015 case definition s. Humans can contract the disease if they breathe in the virus, or if they are bitten by an. Seroconversion and rising anti hantavirus igg titers were taken as evidence of hantavirus infection.
A global perspective on hantavirus ecology, epidemiology. Two major forms of hantavirus disease are recognized, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome hcps. Although there are many types of hantaviruses in the united states, sin nombre virus snv is the speci. Jan 08, 2016 hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps is a rare but deadly viral infection. General introduction hantavirus is genus of more than 20 known species of rodentborne viruses, the family bunyaviridae.